The majority of Muslims, with their different sects and schools, accept Jerusalem as the first qibla and attribute great importance to this city. Especially in light of the developments in the region in recent centuries, Muslims have placed Jerusalem in a separate position from other cities both ideologically and politically. This importance, although it contains some differences, is also encountered in the Shiite tradition. Although some narrations in the early sources of the sect initiated a series of discussions on the importance of Jerusalem within the sect, it can be said that the discourses that brought Jerusalem to a secondary point were not adopted by the majority of Shiite scholars. As we move towards the present day, it is seen that Shiite leaders who have the power to influence society have turned the Jerusalem issue into a “discourse of cause”. The religious scholars issued some declarations against the occupation attempts that started in the region just before the First World War, and called on Muslims to save both their own lands and Palestine. It is also seen that both Iraqi and Iranian Shiite scholars agreed on this cause and issued fatwas inviting Muslims and their rulers to object to issues such as imperialism, Zionism, the occupation of Palestine, Jewish immigration, the sale of land in Palestine and relations with Israel. People who have had an impact on the people with their discourses until today are names such as Abdul Karim Hāirī (d. 1937), Muhammad Hussain al-Khashīf al-Gitā (d. 1954), Muhammad Hussain al-Tābātabāī Burūjirdī (d. 1961), Abu’l-Qāseem Kāshani (d. 1962), Muhammad Bihbehānī (d. 1963), Abdul Karim Zanjānī (d. 1968), Muhsin Tabātabāī al-Hakīm (d. 1970), Abu’l-Qāsim Hūī (d. 1992), Muhammad Rāzā Gūlpaygānī (d. 1993), Ruhollah Khomeini (d. 1989), Ali Khamenei and Ali Sistanī. The issues emphasized by these names include the necessity of saving the first qibla of Islam, the Masjid al-Aqsā, from the hands of the Zionists, the emphasis on taking back the occupied lands, the fact that remaining silent and indifferent in the face of occupations will harm not only the Palestinians but also the all Arabs, and the need to send fitra and zakat to the people of the region. It is particularly striking that, following the success of the Islamic Revolution in Iran, Shiite leaders such as Ruhollah Khomeini and Ali Khamenei have determined Iran’s foreign policy agenda around the Jerusalem discourse. Both names have stated that the liberation of Palestine depends on the unity of all Muslims, Shiite and Sunni, and that saving Jerusalem from the hands of Israel is the religious duty of all Muslims. This declaration aims to reveal the Jerusalem discourse of Shiite scholars in the last two centuries, starting from the end of the 19th century. The declaration will briefly touch on the historical roots of the Jerusalem discourse in the Shiite tradition and the intra-sectarian debates; then, in light of regional developments in the 20th century, the activities of Iraqi and Iranian Shiite ulema on the Jerusalem discourse will be revealed. Based on these activities, the common and different points of the discourses of Iraqi and Iranian-based ulema will be seen; and how the Jerusalem discourse was turned into a political reference point for the state with the Shiite-Imamite political administration in Iran will be examined.