The Meccan period refers to the first 13 years of Islam (610-622), during which the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) resided in Mecca. The poems composed during this time are not only of literary value but also serve as significant documents for understanding the social, cultural, and religious structure of pre-Islamic Arab society. The poetry of the Meccan period, in terms of both content and form, bears traces of the pre-Islamic Arab poetic tradition. However, it also shows significant changes in certain themes due to the influence of Islam. Themes such as praise, satire, and warfare continued to be prominent. With the advent of Islam, religious themes particularly the oneness of God, the afterlife, prophethood, and the message of Islam began to be addressed in poetry. Yet, during this period, as the moral and social values of Islam had not yet been fully established, traces of old traditions persisted in the poems. Thus, the content of the poetry was not exclusively limited to religious themes, but also encompassed social and cultural topics. When we examine the poems in general, we observe that the sections focusing on religious themes emphasize the devotion of muslims to God and the Prophet, while other sections concentrate on social relations, wars, and political and social events. In this context, the selected poems reflect the spirit, belief system, and societal changes of the early period of Islam. For example, the poems recited during the migration to Abyssinia reflect this spirit. In our study, we have examined the themes addressed in the Meccan period poems, which can be considered as transitional period poetry in ʿAbd al-Malik ibn Hishām’s book “Sīrah”, by analyzing the reflections of this period within the context of biography, history, and literature through the Turkish translations of the work. The poems written during this period are also crucial for understanding the spread of Islam during the Meccan period. In conclusion, while these poems shed light on historical events and the socio-cultural structure of the period, the Meccan period poems included in Ibn Hishām’s work demonstrate their significance as a key source in both Islamic historical research and in understanding Arab poetry and literature.