The international symposium “Jerusalem from the 19th Century to the Present” created an academic platform that brought together multidisciplinary approaches to study Jerusalem’s historical, political, religious and cultural aspects under Ottoman rule, British Mandate, and Israeli occupation since 1947. Presentations on Ottoman Jerusalem’s administrative policies, exemption practices, and communication networks revealed the region’s multidimensional reality through socio-economic and governance analyses. Discussions covered the enduring impact of the British Mandate period on collective memory, the impact of the Haskalah movement on Jewish nationalism and Zionism, and the contributions of Jewish Orientalists to Israel’s founding. The symposium critically analyzed imperialist and orientalist narratives in city maps, studied manuscripts from the Khalidi Library, and investigated al-Aqsa Mosque’s spiritual significance to decode Jerusalem’s sacred heritage. Its academic scope spanned Western literary depictions to Arabic-Hebrew etymological discussions, and from women’s legal status in Palestinian law to ethics of war in Gaza - presenting interdisciplinary viewpoints to understand the city’s material and spiritual dimensions. Israel’s post-October 7, 2023 atrocities in Gaza and occupation policies violating international law were examined alongside critiques of Western media hypocrisy, while emphasizing Palestinian resistance, the Murabitun’s protection of al-Aqsa, and worldwide effects of fatwas boycotting Israeli products. The proceedings addressed all dimensions from radical Zionist attacks on holy sites to forced migration disasters, stressing the moral obligation to condemn such oppression. By framing Jerusalem as both a symbol of coexistence and resistance, the symposium highlighted the essential role of interdisciplinary approaches for comprehensively understanding its history and contemporary reality.